Question 1 of 6
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Which description would the nurse give a patient recently diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)?
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- “It involves inflammation of the meninges.”Inflammation of the meninges characterizes meningitis.
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- “It is caused by taking the meningococcal vaccination.”Very few cases of GBS have been linked to the meningococcal vaccination.
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- “It is mainly a disease that causes atrophy of large muscles.”Although atrophy of muscles may occur, it is not the primary characteristic of GBS.
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- “It involves loss of the substance that insulates the nerve endings.”GBS involves demyelination (myelin insulates the nerve root) of the nerve endings, inflammation, edema, and nerve root compression.
Question 2 of 6
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Which nursing intervention is a priority related to the care of a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?
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- Emotional supportEmotional support is important to the care of a patient with ALS, but it does not take priority.
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- Respiratory supportRespiratory support is the priority nursing intervention related to the care of a patient with ALS.
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- Prevention of injuryThe prevention of injury is important to the care of a patient with ALS, but it does not take priority.
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- Prevention of weaknessThe prevention of weakness is important to the care of a patient with ALS, but it does not take priority.
Question 3 of 6
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The nurse is educating a family about Alzheimer disease. Which statement by the family indicates a need for further education?
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- “People don’t understand the cause of Alzheimer disease yet.”This is an accurate statement as the exact cause of Alzheimer disease is unknown, and research is in progress to better understand the disease.
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- “The disease could have a slow start and then get worse.”This is an accurate statement as Alzheimer disease generally has a slow onset and then progresses at varying rates.
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- “It is a form of Parkinson disease that affects the brain.”Alzheimer disease is a form of dementia that affects the brain tissue.
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- “The disease will eventually be fatal.”This is an accurate statement as there is no cure for Alzheimer disease, and it is a progressive disease.
Question 4 of 6
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Which diagnostic test could be helpful when diagnosing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?
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- Computed tomography (CT)A CT scan involves imaging the inside of the body and is useful for bone or joint problems.
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- ElectromyographyElectromyography examines the electrical activity of muscles and helps determine the health of muscles and the nerves that control them, which is helpful when diagnosing ALS.
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- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)An MRI provides images of the body and is useful to detect tumors, injuries, and joint and spinal disease.
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- ElectrocardiogramAn electrocardiogram records the electrical activity of the heart.
Question 5 of 6
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Which autonomic nervous system symptom would the nurse assess for when caring for a patient with suspected Guillain-Barré syndrome ? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
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- PallorAutonomic nervous system dysfunction is more likely to cause facial flushing than pallor.
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- Orthostatic hypotensionOrthostatic hypotension results from impaired vasoconstriction due to autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
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- HypertensionHypertension can occur with increased sympathetic output and decreased parasympathetic tone.
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- DiaphoresisDiaphoresis often occurs with autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
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- Bladder incontinenceBowel and bladder incontinence occur with autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
Question 6 of 6
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The patient is experiencing abnormal sensitivity to stimuli as a result of Guillain-Barré syndrome. The nurse will chart this as which medical term?
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- HyperesthesiaHyperesthesia is an abnormal sensitivity to stimuli, such as sight, sound, touch, or smell.
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- ParesthesiaParesthesia is an abnormal sensation, such as a tickling or prickly sensation caused by pressure to the peripheral nerves.
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- HyperalgesiaHyperalgesia is an increased response to painful stimuli.
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- AllodyniaAllodynia is a painful response to stimuli that do not normally cause any pain, such as petting a kitten.
