Chapter 12, Nutrition Assessment: Assessing Nutrition Status- Sherpath

Question 1 of 9

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What is the formula for percent weight change for a patient who has lost 20 lb and currently weighs 175 lb?

• • Weight (kg)/(height [m])²Weight (kg)/height (m²) is the formula for body mass index, not the formula for percent weight change.
• • Current weight × 100/usual weightCurrent weight × 100/usual weight is the formula for percent usual weight, not the formula for percent weight change.
• • Current weight × 100/desirable weightCurrent weight × 100/desirable weight is the formula for percent desirable weight, not the formula for percent weight change.
• Correct
  • (Usual weight – current weight) × 100/usual weightThe formula for percent weight change = (usual weight – current weight) × 100/usual weight; therefore (195 – 20) × 100/195 = 10.3% weight change.

Question 2 of 9

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The patient’s hip and waist circumferences measure 38 and 35 in, respectively. Which formula represents the patient’s waist-to-hip circumference ratio?

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  • 35 in/38 in35 in/38 in represents the ratio of the waist circumference to the hip circumference.
• • 38 in + 35 in × 1538 in + 35 in × 15 is not the formula for waist-to-hip circumference.
• • 38 in/35 in + 2.238 in/35 in + 2.2 is not the formula for waist-to-hip circumference.
• • 35 in/38 in × 10035 in/38 in × 100 is not the formula for waist-to-hip circumference.

Question 3 of 9

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Match the anthropometric measurement technique with the data it obtains.

• Total body fat
• Fat distribution by body type
• Abdominal obesity
• Muscle mass

Question 4 of 9

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Which information does a food diary provide?

• • An analysis of nutrients eaten over a 2-day periodThe food diary does not analyze nutrients. An analysis of nutrients eaten over a 2-day period is performed by an electronic device application or Web-based program.
• • Amount of food consumed in comparison to the MyPlate recommendationsThe food diary does not provide information on amount of food consumed compared to the MyPlate recommendations. The MyPlate diagram allows for a visual comparison of patient portions of nutrients with recommended portions of nutrients.
• • A listing of all foods, beverages, and snacks eaten during the last 24 hoursThe food diary does not list all foods, beverages, and snacks eaten in the last 24 hours. The 24-hour recall is a listing of everything the patient ate and drank during a 24-hour period.
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  • An account of a patient’s eating habits and dietary intake, recorded as it happenedThe patient records food ingested and eating habits in a food diary on a daily basis. The food diary is then retrospectively reviewed by the nurse and the patient.

Question 5 of 9

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Which percentage of carbohydrate intake meets adult daily energy needs?

• • 20% to 35%Adults should have 20% to 35% of daily calories from fats, not carbohydrates.
• • 5% to 20%Children 1 to 3 years old should have 5% to 20% of daily calories from proteins, not carbohydrates.
• Correct
  • 45% to 65%Adults and children should have 45% to 65% of daily calories from carbohydrates.
• • 10% to 35%Adults 19 years and older should have 10% to 35% of daily calories from proteins, not carbohydrates.

Question 6 of 9

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What is one challenge of the 24-hour recall diet analysis technique?

• • Time-consuming techniqueThe 24-hour recall diet analysis technique is considered a quick assessment tool because it collects data for only 24 hours.
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  • May not reflect accurate daily intakeThe underreporting of day-to-day intake of food, beverages, and snacks is a challenge of the 24-hour recall diet. Accuracy of the diet analysis relies on accurate and honest patient reporting.
• • Requires a specially trained data collectorThe 24-hour recall diet analysis technique is very easy to use, and the patient does not need any special training.
• • Noncompliance with nutrient portion recommendationsCompliance with the nutrient portion recommendations as illustrated in MyPlate encourages good nutritional habits but does not affect the 24-hour recall diet analysis technique.

Question 7 of 9

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What biochemical indicators may be abnormal in a patient who consumes a high-fat diet?

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  • Serum cholesterolSerum cholesterol levels may be elevated in a patient who consumes a high-fat diet.
• Correct
  • Serum triglyceridesSerum triglyceride levels may be elevated in a patient who consumes a high-fat diet.
• • Serum albuminSerum albumin levels are a measure of protein intake in the diet and would not be abnormal in a patient who consumes a high-fat diet.
• Correct
  • Low-density lipoproteinsLow-density lipoprotein levels may be elevated in a patient who consumes a high-fat diet.
• • Serum glucoseSerum glucose levels are a measure of carbohydrate intake in the diet and would not be abnormal in a patient who consumes a high-fat diet.

Question 8 of 9

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A patient diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia may have an abnormality in which biochemical indicator?

• • FolateSerum folate levels measure the amount of folate in the blood and would not be expected to be affected by an iron deficiency.
• • GlucoseSerum glucose levels measure carbohydrate metabolism and therefore would not be expected to be affected by an iron deficiency.
• • AlbuminSerum albumin levels measure adequacy of protein intake and therefore would not be expected to be affected by an iron deficiency.
• Correct
  • Transferrin saturationTransferrin saturation indicates how much serum iron is actually bound to transferrin. An abnormal value can indicate iron deficiency anemia.

Question 9 of 9

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A patient on a “no-carbohydrate” fad diet may have which biochemical indicator in the abnormal range?

• • FolateA no-carbohydrate diet does not alter folate levels. Folate levels relate to the intake of folate in the diet and are not influenced by the intake of carbohydrates.
• Correct
  • GlucoseSerum glucose levels may be abnormal in a patient not consuming adequate amounts of carbohydrates daily.
• • AlbuminA no-carbohydrate diet does not alter albumin levels. Albumin levels relate to the amount of protein consumed and not the amount of carbohydrates consumed.
• • CholesterolA no-carbohydrate diet does not alter cholesterol levels. Diets high in daily fat intake may cause abnormal ranges in serum cholesterol levels.