Question 1 of 6
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Which description of wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) would the nurse use when teaching a class about eye disorders?
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- Abnormal vessels develop in or near the macula.In wet AMD, abnormal vessels develop in or near the macula.
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- Gradual blockage in the retinal capillaries leads to death of rod and cone photoreceptors in the macula of the retina.In dry AMD, gradual blockage in the retinal capillaries leads to death of rod and cone photoreceptors in the macula of the retina.
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- Extreme muscle weakness causes total vision loss.Total vision loss related to muscle weakness is not a symptom of wet AMD.
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- Clouding of the lens causes blurred vision.A cataract causes blurred vision because of opacity of the lens.
Question 2 of 6
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The nurse would provide information about which test when a patient asks, “Since there is an increased chance I may develop macular degeneration, are there any tests available to confirm”?
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- Slit-lamp biomicroscopic examinationThe slit-lamp biomicroscopic test examines the surface of the eye.
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- Macula Risk PGxA proprietary genetic test performed on saliva, Macula Risk PGx is available for patients at increased risk for macular degeneration.
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- UltrasonographyUltrasonography evaluates the characteristics of a lesion and its size and growth over time, or to determine the presence of a foreign body.
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- Intraocular pressure (IOP) test Fluorescein angiographyAn IOP test determines the amount of pressure within the eye, which aids in the diagnosis of glaucoma.
Question 3 of 6
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The nurse anticipates which diagnosis when a patient’s ophthalmologic examination reveals fluid and blood?
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- Dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD)In dry AMD, yellow exudates called drusen are found beneath the retinal pigment epithelium. Drusen represent extracellular debris.
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- Wet AMDIn wet AMD, fluid and blood are detected by the examination.
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- GlaucomaGlaucoma presents with increased intraocular pressure.
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- CataractA cataract causes blurred vision because of opacity of the lens.
Question 4 of 6
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Which response is appropriate for the nurse to provide when a patient with dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) asks about treatment options?
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- “Treatments are available free of charge for those in need.”Treatments are typically costly and not available free of charge. Medicare part D or private insurance may be needed to cover the cost of medications.
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- “There are several lifestyle adjustments that can be made to slow disease progression.”Treatments available do not cure the disease but are intended to slow down the progression or improve vision. Some lifestyle changes, such as smoking cessation, may help slow disease progression.
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- “Your health care provider will likely prescribe vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors.”Wet AMD is treated with intraocular injections of VEGF inhibitors.
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- “There are several needleless drug delivery systems that have proven to be effective.”Although some needleless systems are being studied in clinical trials, currently used medications require intraocular injections.
Question 5 of 6
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Which information would the nurse communicate to a patient with a history of atrial fibrillation who is scheduled for eye surgery?
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- “You will have outpatient blood tests to determine your postoperative cardiac risks.”Blood tests will not determine an increased risk of cardiac risks related to the patient’s atrial fibrillation.
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- “You will likely have your procedure as an inpatient because of your cardiac risk.”Dysrhythmias are an indication for eye surgery to be performed in an inpatient setting.
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- “You will need an external pacemaker for your procedure.”An external pacemaker is not required for a patient with atrial fibrillation.
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- “Before surgery, you will be given an anticoagulant as a stroke prevention measure.”An anticoagulant is contraindicated; it would increase the patient’s risk for postoperative bleeding.
Question 6 of 6
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Which response would the nurse provide when a patient asks when sexual activity can be resumed after eye surgery?
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- “There are no restrictions on sexual activity.”Sexual activity is restricted after eye surgery.
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- “Sexual activity can be resumed when vision returns to normal.”Normal vision does not necessarily indicate that it is safe to return to sexual activity.
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- “Sexual activity can usually be resumed within a few weeks postoperatively.”Sexual activity usually can be resumed in 1 to 8 weeks postoperatively, depending on the procedure performed.
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- “Abstain from sexual activity for 72 hours postoperatively.”Resuming sexual activity in less than a week after surgery does not allow enough time for healing.
