Question 1 of 6
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Which action by the nurse when caring for the preschool child is appropriate, given preschoolers’ level of independence?
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- Allowing the child to brush teeth alonePreschool children want to assert independence and allowing the child to brush his or her own teeth initially is appropriate but preschool children are not able to remove plaque effectively from their teeth so they should not be allowed to brush teeth without follow-up assistance from a parent.
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- Hand-feeding the child during mealtimes and snacksThe nurse should not hand-feed the child during mealtime, but allow the child to feed him-/herself. Preschool children want to assert independence and feeding without assistance is appropriate given the preschooler’s level of independence.
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- Explaining the entire procedure for ear tube surgeryExplaining all the details of the procedure/surgery is not appropriate given the preschooler’s cognitive ability level. Preschoolers are unable to focus on more than one aspect of the situation at a time.
- Correct
- Allowing the child to put on the exam gown by him- or herselfThe nurse should allow the child to undress him-/herself to put on the exam gown. Preschool children want to assert independence and undressing without assistance is appropriate given preschooler’s level of independence.
Question 2 of 6
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A parent reports concern that her preschool child is not as coordinated at sports as other children. Which statement by the nurse is most appropriate to address this concern?
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- “All children should be at the same level by 4 years old.”This is not the most appropriate statement to address the parent’s concern because motor skill ability varies widely among children and not all children will show the same coordination level by age 4.
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- “Children develop differently and practicing will help.”This is the most appropriate statement to address the parent’s concern because as long as the child has met critical motor milestones, other motor skill ability varies widely among children and practice may improve skills.
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- “This sounds like a balance problem that needs follow-up.”This is not the most appropriate statement to address the parent’s concern because motor skill ability varies widely among children, and the nurse should not assume the child has a balance problem.
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- “Your child should be able to throw and catch a ball by now.”This is not the most appropriate statement to address the parent’s concern because motor skill ability varies widely among children and although the child should be able to throw a ball, the child may not be able to catch the ball.
Question 3 of 6
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Which motor skills should be developed in the preschool child?
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- Playing hopscotchThe preschool child can hop on one foot and jump forward, two skills used in hopscotch.
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- Cutting paper using safety scissorsUsing scissors is not expected of the preschool child.
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- Drawing a picture of his or her home and petsDrawing objects that resemble familiar objects is a motor skill that should be developed in the preschool child.
- Correct
- Balancing on each foot for one secondBalancing on each foot for one second is a motor skill that should be developed in the preschool child.
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- Riding a bicycle without training wheelsRiding a bicycle without training wheels is not expected of the preschool child. Riding with training wheels is a motor skill that should be developed in the preschool child.
Question 4 of 6
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Which action by the nurse would be most appropriate when preparing the preschool child for a medical procedure?
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- Telling the child he or she will get a sticker if he or she does not cry at allThis is not the most appropriate action because the preschool child may feel guilty if he or she cries during the procedure and does not get a sticker.
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- Explaining the entire sequence of the procedure to the childExplaining the entire sequence of the procedure is not appropriate because preschool children are unable to focus on more than one aspect of the situation at a time.
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- Avoiding giving the medical procedure equipment silly namesPreschool children enjoy silly ways to use words, so avoiding using silly names for medical equipment would not be the most appropriate action to prepare the preschool child for a medical procedure.
- Correct
- Allow the child to practice the procedure on a stuffed bearAllowing the child to practice the procedure on a stuffed bear can be therapeutic for the child and is the most appropriate action.
Question 5 of 6
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A parent reports concern that his or her preschool child has difficulty following directions. The nurse should recommend which actions by the parent to help the child with this task?
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- Giving the child specific directionThe nurse should recommend the parent give specific direction because preschool children are often unable to follow directions unless they are given one step at a time.
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- Telling the child he or she could do it better next timeThe nurse should not recommend telling the child he or she could do better next time because preschool children feel guilt or shame if repeatedly criticized.
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- Explaining the directions in more detail next timeThe nurse should not recommend the parent explain the directions in more detail because preschool children often focus on one aspect of the situation while ignoring others.
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- Reminding the child that good children always listenThe nurse should not recommend the parent tell the child that good children always listen, because preschool children attempt to obey rules out of self-interest and may feel shame if they do not understand how to perform the task to be “good.”
Question 6 of 6
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Which activity for play therapy would be most appropriate for the nurse to suggest for the hospitalized preschool child?
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- Reading riddles and jokesReading riddles and jokes is more appropriate for the school-age child and would not be the most appropriate activity for the hospitalized preschool child.
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- Playing complex a card gamePreschool children can play simple card games. Complex card games would not be the most appropriate activity for the hospitalized preschool child.
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- Holding onto a push-pull toyA push-pull toy is more appropriate for a toddler and would not be the most appropriate activity for the hospitalized preschool child.
- Correct
- Coloring with colored pencilsColoring with colored pencils is the most appropriate activity for the hospitalized preschool child.
A 3-year-old is using both the left and right hand interchangeably when writing and eating. The dominant hand should prevail by years of age.
Use numbers only.
4
“Handedness” emerges at age 3 and is typically established by age 4.
A preschooler who was 37 inches/94 cm tall on his or her third birthday would be expected to measure ____ inches/cm on his or her fifth birthday.
Exactly!41 inches/104 cm43 inches/109 cm45 inches/114 cm47 inches/119 cm
41 inches/104 cm
Height increases approximately 3 inches/7.62 cm per year during the preschool years. Therefore, the child would be expected to be taller than 41 inches/104 cm.
43 inches/109 cm
Height increases approximately 3 inches/7.62 cm per year during the preschool years. Therefore, the child would be expected to grow by 6 inches (3 x 2), or 15.24 cm (7.62 x 2), to a height of 43 inches, or 109 cm.
45 inches/114 cm
Height increases approximately 3 inches/7.62 cm per year during the preschool years. Therefore, the child would be expected to be shorter than 45 inches/114 cm.
47 inches/119 cm
Height increases approximately 3 inches/7.62 cm per year during the preschool years. Therefore, the child would be expected to be shorter than 47 in/119 cm.
A preschooler who weighed 33 lbs (15 kg) on his or her fourth birthday would be expected to weigh ____ lbs/kg on his or her fifth birthday.
Exactly!34 pounds/15.42 kg38 pounds/17.23 kg40 pounds/18.14 kg42 pounds/19.05 kg
34 pounds/15.42 kg
Preschool children gain approximately 5 pounds/2.27 kg per year. Therefore, the child would be expected to weigh more than 34 pounds/15.4 kg.
38 pounds/17.23 kg
Preschool children gain approximately 5 pounds/2.23 kg per year. Therefore, the child would be expected to gain 5 pounds/2.27, for a total weight of 38 pounds or 17.26 kg.
40 pounds/18.14 kg
Preschool children gain approximately 5 pounds/2.27 kg per year. Therefore, the child would be expected to weigh less than 40 pounds/18.14 kg.
42 pounds/19.05 kg
Preschool children gain approximately 5 pounds/2.27 kg per year. Therefore, the child would be expected to weigh more than 42 pounds/19.05 kg.
Which social/personal skills are milestones for the preschool child?
Exactly!
Select all that apply.
- Caring for a doll
- Dressing oneself
- Personal hygiene
- Identifying the color blue
- Naming four familiar pictures
Caring for a doll
Pretending that a doll is a baby and feeding, dressing, or caring for it is an important social/personal milestone for the preschool child.
Dressing oneself
Putting on an article of clothing is a critical social/personal milestone of the preschool child.
Personal hygiene
Washing and drying hands and brushing teeth with assistance are critical social/personal milestones of the preschool child.
Identifying the color blue
Identifying the color blue is a cognitive milestone, but not a social/personal milestone.
Naming four familiar pictures
Naming four familiar pictures is a cognitive milestone, but not a social/personal milestone.
Which behavior observed by the nurse represents normal social development of the preschool child?
Exactly!
Select all that apply.
- The child steals a toy from another child.
- The child is playing a game with another child.
- The child is arguing about the rules of the game.
- The child blames a mess on an imaginary friend.
- Plays alone, away from other children in the group.
The child steals a toy from another child.
Although preschoolers may begin to play with other children, they are still primarily egocentric and have difficulty understanding the morality of right and wrong.
The child is playing a game with another child.
Cooperative play is a normal social development of the preschool child.
The child is arguing about the rules of the game.
Arguing about the rules of a game represents normal social development of the preschool child because preschool children will become more argumentative as they become secure in their group.
The child blames a mess on an imaginary friend.
Imaginary friends are common to preschool-aged children. The preschooler often uses imaginary friends to take the blame for misbehavior.
Plays alone, away from other children in the group.
Preschool children play in groups. A preschool child who plays alone away from other children would not indicate normal social development.
Which cognitive skills are milestones for the preschool child?
Exactly!
Select all that apply.
- Being able to tell time on a clock
- Naming five different colors correctly
- Knowing what tired and hungry mean
- Knowing what a fork and blanket are used for
- Speech being understandable 15% of the time
Being able to tell time on a clock
Being able to tell time on a clock is not an expected cognitive milestone of the preschool child, although understanding the concept of time (mealtime or bedtime) is an expected milestone.
Naming five different colors correctly
Naming five colors is not an expected cognitive milestone of the preschool child. Preschool children are expected to name four colors correctly.
Knowing what tired and hungry mean
Understanding the meaning of two adjectives is a critical cognitive milestone of the preschool child.
Knowing what a fork and blanket are used for
Knowing the use of two objects is a critical cognitive milestone of the preschool child.
Speech being understandable 15% of the time
Speech is a language milestone, not a critical cognitive milestone, and speech should be understandable 75% of the time in the preschool child.