Question 1 of 9
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The nurse is caring for a patient with Stage III breast cancer and understands that which of the following is an appropriate description?
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- The cancer has spread to other parts of the body.When this occurs, the cancer is diagnosed as Stage IV.
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- The cancer is growing into nearby tissues.This is an accurate description of Stage III breast cancer. It can also spread to many nearby lymph nodes.
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- The cancer has not spread to any lymph nodes.When this occurs, the cancer is generally diagnosed as Stage I.
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- The cancer may have spread to a few nearby lymph nodes.When this occurs, the cancer is generally diagnosed as Stage II.
Question 2 of 9
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Which medication can be used as prevention and/or treatment in patients diagnosed with breast cancer? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
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- ExemestaneExemestane is an aromatase inhibitor used in the treatment of breast cancer.
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- LeuprolideLeuprolide is a gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist that is used to shrink fibroids.
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- TamoxifenTamoxifen is used to prevent recurrent breast cancer and is recommended for women at high risk of developing breast cancer.
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- DanazolDanazol is a medication to stimulate ovulation and menstruation.
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- AnastrozoleAnastrozole is an aromatase inhibitor used in the treatment of breast cancer.
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- FenretinideFenretinide is a retinoid that is currently being studies as a medication to reduce the risk for developing breast cancer.
Question 3 of 9
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Which procedure helps stop estrogen production?
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- Ovarian ablationAn ovarian ablation is the surgical removal or irradiation of the ovary to stop estrogen production.
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- LumpectomyA lumpectomy is the removal of the tumor only.
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- MastectomyA mastectomy is the removal of the breast.
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- ScintimammographyScintimammography is nuclear medicine breast imaging.
Question 4 of 9
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The nurse is caring for a patient following breast augmentation. Which intervention should be implemented to prevent the development of lymphedema? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
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- Perform passive range-of-motion (ROM) exercises.The nurse should perform active ROM exercises with the patient to promote the movement of lymph.
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- Advise the patient to sit with legs uncrossed.The patient should refrain from crossing the legs when sitting to prevent venous pooling.
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- Apply elasticized stockings.Applying elasticized stockings increase pressure on vessels and encourages venous return.
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- Apply a heating pad.The nurse should refrain from using a heating pad.
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- Refrain from taking blood pressure (BP) on the affected extremity.The nurse should refrain from taking a BP or drawing blood on the affected extremity to prevent trauma to the area.
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- Apply a mild moisturizer.The nurse should apply mild skin moisturizer to prevent cracking of the skin.
Question 5 of 9
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The nurse is educating a patient on the risk factors associated with breast cancer. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further education?
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- “Genetics play a large role in the development of breast cancer.”Family history of a relative with breast cancer is a significant risk factor for breast cancer.
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- “Breastfeeding my baby might help prevent breast cancer.”This is true as breastfeeding can help to decrease the chances of developing breast cancer.
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- “Late menarche is a risk factor for breast cancer.”Early menarche or late menopause are risk factors for breast cancer.
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- “Being overweight can increase my likelihood of breast cancer.”Being overweight or obese can increase the risk for breast cancer.
Question 6 of 9
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Which skin change is the most concerning for breast cancer?
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- JaundiceJaundice is more likely linked to a liver disorder.
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- DermatitisDermatitis or eczema on the breast can appear as dry, itchy, and bumpy skin.
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- UlcerationsUlcerations on the breast are more likely due to friction or poor hygiene.
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- DimplingDimpling of the breast tissue can be a sign of breast cancer.
Question 7 of 9
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A patient with breast cancer develops acute shortness of breath and chest pain. Which medication in the patient’s chart would the nurse be most concerned with?
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- TamoxifenTamoxifen is used to treat recurrent breast cancer; however, it has pulmonary embolism as a potential side effect.
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- AnastrozoleAnastrozole is a medication used to treat breast cancer; however, it is not commonly linked to pulmonary embolisms.
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- OndansetronOndansetron can be used to prevent nausea in patients with cancer and is not commonly linked to pulmonary embolisms.
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- IbuprofenIbuprofen has an antiinflammatory effect and is safe to take in patients with breast cancer.
Question 8 of 9
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Which type of imaging would be appropriate before a reduction mammoplasty?
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- UltrasoundAn ultrasound would only be necessary if there were abnormal findings on a mammogram.
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- BiopsyA biopsy would only be necessary if there were abnormal findings on a mammogram.
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- MammogramA mammogram would be most appropriate prior to a breast reduction so providers can assess for cancer prior to surgery. If an abnormality is found, an ultrasound and/or biopsy can be completed.
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- Nuclear scanA nuclear scan would not be necessary before breast surgery.
Question 9 of 9
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Which assessment is the priority when caring for a patient following a pedicle flap reconstruction?
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- SkinSkin assessments are important; however, it would not be the priority assessment for this patient.
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- PerfusionFrequent checks of perfusion and ensuring adequate hydration are important to maintain the integrity of the pedicle flaps.
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- EdemaWhile monitoring for lymphedema is important, it would not be the priority assessment in the immediate postoperative period.
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- PainPain management is important in the postoperative period; however, perfusion on of the flap would be the priority.
