Question 1 of 6
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Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect when caring for a patient suspected of having serotonin syndrome? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
- Correct
- Loss of coordinationLoss of coordination is a common symptom of serotonin syndrome.
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- BradycardiaTachycardia, not bradycardia, is a common symptom of serotonin syndrome.
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- Hypoactive reflexesHyperactive or overactive reflexes, rather than hypoactive reflexes, are a common symptom of serotonin syndrome.
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- DiarrheaDiarrhea is a common symptom of serotonin syndrome.
- Correct
- HallucinationsHallucinations are a symptom of serotonin syndrome.
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- HypothermiaHyperthermia, not hypothermia, is a common symptom of serotonin syndrome.
Question 2 of 6
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Which statement by the patient with migraines about nutritional considerations indicates a need for further education?
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- “I will limit my intake of chocolate as it can trigger a migraine.”This is an accurate statement as chocolate has been proven to be a migraine trigger for some people.
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- “I will continue to take my riboflavin as it can help with my migraine prevention.”Riboflavin is an excellent supplement to take for migraine prevention.
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- “I will drink a diet cola when I feel a migraine coming on.”Caffeine can trigger a migraine and should be limited in patients with migraines.
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- “I will start a migraine diary to help identify my triggers.”Migraine diaries are helpful to identify potential triggers and monitor the frequencies and symptoms associated with migraines.
Question 3 of 6
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Which type of migraine does the nurse suspect in a patient reporting temporal pain and ptosis?
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- TensionTension headaches are not as severe and may present with neck stiffness.
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- ClusterCluster headaches often present with severe pain in the orbital, supraorbital, or temporal regions with either redness of the conjunctiva, tearing, nasal congestion, dripping nose, facial swelling, pupil constriction, or ptosis.
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- Migraine with auraA migraine with aura is a recurring headache that strikes after or at the same time as a sensory disturbance or aura.
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- HemiplegicHemiplegic migraine sufferers experience a migraine with weakness on one side of the body.
Question 4 of 6
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Which disease process would the nurse question a patient with severe facial pain about during the health history?
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- EpilepsyEpilepsy is a brain disorder characterized by repeated seizures.
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- Huntington diseaseHuntington disease results in progressive decline in movement, thinking, and psychiatric symptoms.
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- Multiple sclerosisMultiple sclerosis is a disease affecting the central nervous system and can be a factor in trigeminal neuralgia. It would be an important aspect of the patient’s health history.
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- Parkinson diseaseParkinson disease is a brain disorder that causes uncontrollable movements and would not have a direct link to trigeminal neuralgia.
Question 5 of 6
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Which diagnostic test would the nurse anticipate for a patient presenting with severe facial pain and intermittent spasms of the facial muscles?
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- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)MRI is the gold standard for diagnosing a cerebellopontine angle tumor, which can mimic trigeminal neuralgia and should be ruled out.
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- Electroencephalogram (EEG)An EEG is used to detect brain disturbances and would not be useful for diagnosing a tumor.
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- Blood cultureA blood culture is helpful to identify the causative organism in a suspected infection. It would not help eliminate a potential tumor.
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- Complete blood cell count (CBC)A CBC could help to eliminate certain causative factors or identify abnormalities; however, labs are not affected directly by trigeminal neuralgia or cerebellopontine angle tumors.
Question 6 of 6
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Which statement by the patient prior to surgery for trigeminal neuralgia indicates a need for further education?
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- “I will wear protective goggles when I work in my workshop.”If the surgery involves dissection of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve, the corneal reflex is no longer present, so protective goggles help prevent anything from getting into the eye.
- Correct
- “I will have increased sensitivity in my mouth.”If the surgery involves dissection of the second and third branches of the trigeminal nerve, there is potential for damage to the oral mucosa, and the patient might lose the ability to feel hot or cold liquids and could be burned. The patient may also have dental caries or could bite the inside of their mouth without noticing.
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- “I will continue to see my dentist on a routine basis.”Because of the risk of damage to the teeth and gums, it is important for the patient to see their dentist on a routine basis.
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- “I will avoid rubbing my eyes.”If the surgery involves dissection of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve, there is a potential for damage to the eye and limiting their corneal reflex.
