Question 1 of 6
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Which patient symptom would alert the nurse the patient is experiencing an exacerbation of multiple sclerosis (MS)?
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- DiplopiaThe most common sign associated with MS exacerbation is double vision (diplopia).
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- SeizuresSeizures are not associated with MS exacerbations.
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- AnorexiaAnorexia is not associated with MS exacerbations.
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- InsomniaInsomnia is not associated with MS exacerbations.
Question 2 of 6
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Which statement about management of multiple sclerosis (MS) would indicate the need for further teaching?
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- “I should eat adequate fiber to prevent constipation.”Constipation can be prevented by eating adequate fiber.
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- “It is important that I attend all of my physical therapy sessions.”Physical therapy and exercise are important for maintaining muscle strength.
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- “The injections of interferon beta-1b will help manage my symptoms.”Biologic response modifier drugs help manage the symptoms of MS.
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- “It is a good idea for me to take a hot shower in the morning to relax my muscles.”Heat often exacerbates the symptoms of MS, so a hot shower in the morning would not be advisable.
Question 3 of 6
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Which nursing intervention would be implemented for a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS)?
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- Fluid restrictionFluid restriction is not an appropriate nursing intervention; the patient with MS is usually encouraged to consume at least 2 L of fluid per day.
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- Teaching the patient to avoid cool bath waterAppropriate nursing care for a patient with MS includes teaching the patient to avoid hot baths because they can increase weakness.
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- Encouraging a well-balanced diet high in fiber and adequate fluidsAppropriate nursing care for a patient with MS includes encouraging a well-balanced diet high in fiber and adequate fluids. Supplemental vitamins are usually encouraged.
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- Teaching the patient to exercise regularly, especially during summerAvoidance of hot weather to the extent possible can also help reduce fatigue in the patient with MS.
Question 4 of 6
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Which of these symptoms is a common manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS)? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
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- Impaired judgmentImpaired judgment is common with MS.
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- AtaxiaAtaxia or unsteady gait is common with MS.
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- AmblyopiaDiplopia, or double vision, is more common in MS than amblyopia, or a lazy eye.
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- FatigueFatigue is characteristic of MS and is worsened by the heat.
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- Cold intoleranceIntolerance to heat is common in patients with MS.
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- DysarthriaDysarthria, or difficulty speaking, is not a common manifestation of MS.
Question 5 of 6
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What characteristic feature on a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan would be suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS)?
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- White matter lesionsLesions in the white matter on a brain MRI are a hallmark sign of MS.
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- MeningiomaA meningioma is a primary central nervous system tumor and the most common type of brain tumor.
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- Acoustic neuromaAn acoustic neuroma is a tumor on the nerve that connects the ear to the brain.
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- InfarctA brain infarct occurs as the result of a stroke.
Question 6 of 6
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A nurse is educating a family about multiple sclerosis (MS). Which statement indicates a need for further education?
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- “There may be times when symptoms are much worse.”MS is known for periods of relapses and remissions.
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- “Humidity could trigger a relapse.”Heat and humidity have both proven to exacerbate MS symptoms.
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- “Pantoprazole could help prevent acid buildup and ulcerations from the steroid treatments.”This is an accurate statement as pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor commonly used in MS patients.
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- “Interferon beta-1b injections could eventually cure the disease.”Unfortunately, MS is a chronic disease, and there is currently no cure for it.
