Question 1 of 6
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When reviewing a patient’s medication list, which prescribed medication would the nurse administer for type A influenza? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
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- ZanamivirTreatments for type A influenza include zanamivir and oseltamivir.
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- OseltamivirOseltamivir is commonly prescribed for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, and also as a treatment for type A influenza.
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- AminophyllineAminophylline is commonly prescribed for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.
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- AlbuterolAlbuterol is commonly prescribed for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.
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- MontelukastMontelukast is commonly prescribed for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.
Question 2 of 6
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When reviewing the patient’s recent chest radiography report in the electronic medical record (EMR), which interpretation would the nurse associate with the patient’s reported atelectasis?
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- The patient has impaired gas exchange.Alveoli are part of the lungs and are responsible for gas exchange. The nurse found atelectasis, which is an incomplete expansion of the alveoli. This would indicate that the patient has impaired gas exchange.
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- The patient will have an impaired ability to speak.The production of sound or the ability to speak is the function of the larynx.
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- The patient has impaired filtration of inspired air.The filtration of inspired air is the function of the upper respiratory tract, which includes the nose, pharynx, larynx, and trachea.
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- The patient will have decreased pulmonary blood flow.Pulmonary blood flow is not dependent on the structural integrity of the alveoli. It is the function of the right side of the heart.
Question 3 of 6
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The nurse is caring for a patient who tested positive for influenza B. Which nursing intervention is appropriate?
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- Initiate a fluid restriction.For patients with influenza, oral fluid intake should be at least 3000 mL/24 hours unless contraindicated.
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- Perform mouth care once per shift.Mouth care should be performed at least every four hours for patients with influenza.
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- Administer an antibiotic as prescribed.Antibiotics are not effective against viral illnesses, so they should be avoided and only administered if a secondary bacterial infection is present.
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- Monitor for the development of pneumonia.Because of a weakened immune system, patients with influenza are at risk for secondary infections such as pneumonia or sinusitis, so it is important for the nurse to monitor for these conditions.
Question 4 of 6
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The nurse is educating a patient about diagnostic tests for tuberculosis (TB). Which patient statement indicates understanding of the teaching?
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- “A small amount of the bacteria will be injected into my vein.”The bacteria is administered intradermally, not intravenously.
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- “The blood test will be able to tell me if my TB is active or latent.”The blood test is not able to differentiate between active and latent TB. It can only measure the immune system reaction to TB.
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- “For the skin test, I have to come back to have the nurse look at my arm within 72 hours.”The skin test must be evaluated between 48 and 72 hours after the initial administration of the test.
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- “Even though I had a positive skin test before, there is a chance it will be negative this time.”Once positive, subsequent skin tests for TB will continue to be positive.
Question 5 of 6
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Which information is important for the nurse to provide to a patient being discharged home with a prescription for rifabutin?
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- Urine discoloration is an expected side effect.Urine discoloration is an expected side effect of rifabutin.
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- Check your blood pressure often because this medication can elevate it.Rifapentine is a TB medication that can cause hypertension.
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- You may experience some yellowing of the skin when taking this medication.Jaundice is a side effect of isoniazid, not rifabutin.
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- Visual changes may occur when taking this medication, so report this to your provider right away.Optic neuritis is a side effect of ethambutol and should be reported to the provider immediately.
Question 6 of 6
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Which home care consideration is important for a patient with tuberculosis (TB)? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
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- Implement airborne precautions.Airborne precautions are not required because family members have already been exposed by the time of diagnosis.
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- Tissues should be disposed of in plastic bags.Tissues should be disposed of in plastic bags for an extra layer of protection and to prevent transmission.
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- Return to clinic for monthly sputum examinations.The patient with TB should return to the clinic on a monthly basis for sputum examinations to evaluate the effectiveness of the medication regimen.
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- Household contacts should be monitored with TB testing regularly.Household contacts are monitored with skin or blood testing at regular intervals because they are exposed to TB.
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- Medications can be stopped after fever has been gone for 24 hours.Medications should be continued until directed to stop by the provider to ensure that the TB has been completely eradicated.
